Procurement
Vendor performance scoring and spend analytics
Overview
The Procurement dashboard provides intelligence about your vendor relationships and purchasing practices. It helps you answer critical questions:
- Are vendors delivering on time and as promised?
- Are we following our purchasing policies?
- Are prices stable or creeping up?
- Which vendors deserve more of our business?
Procurement Health Score
The Score
The Procurement Health Score (0-100) measures the overall health of your procurement operations:
| Score | Grade | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 80-100 | A | Excellent procurement practices |
| 70-79 | B | Good with minor improvements needed |
| 60-69 | C | Fair, several areas need attention |
| 50-59 | D | Poor, significant policy compliance issues |
| Below 50 | F | Critical, procurement risk is high |
Score Components
The score is a weighted average of:
| Component | Weight | What It Measures |
|---|---|---|
| OTIF | 35% | On-Time In-Full delivery |
| PPV | 25% | Purchase Price Variance |
| Maverick Spend | 25% | Bills without purchase orders |
| Terms Compliance | 15% | Payment terms adherence |
Weights are configurable in Settings.
Key Metrics
Header Metrics
| Metric | Description |
|---|---|
| Health Score | Overall procurement health |
| Total Vendors | Number of active vendors |
| Total Spend | Total purchases in period |
| Maverick Spend % | Percentage of bills without POs |
| PO Compliance | Purchases following proper process |
| OTIF Rate | On-time, in-full delivery percentage |
| Cash Leakage % | Early payments losing discount opportunity |
| PPV | Price variance vs. purchase orders |
| HHI Index | Vendor concentration risk |
Performance Metrics Explained
OTIF (On-Time In-Full)
Measures whether vendors deliver what you ordered, when you ordered it.
OTIF = (Orders Delivered On Time AND In Full) ÷ Total Orders × 100
| OTIF Rate | Performance |
|---|---|
| 95%+ | Excellent |
| 85-95% | Good |
| 70-85% | Needs improvement |
| Below 70% | Poor |
On-Time: Delivered within the agreed delivery window (default: 3 days grace) In-Full: Correct quantity, no partial shipments or backorders
Maverick Spend
Purchases made without a purchase order — circumventing approval processes.
Maverick Spend % = Bills Without POs ÷ Total Bill Amount × 100
| Maverick % | Status |
|---|---|
| Under 10% | Excellent compliance |
| 10-20% | Acceptable |
| 20-30% | Needs attention |
| Over 30% | Serious policy problem |
Why it matters:
- Bypasses approval workflows
- No price negotiation opportunity
- May violate procurement policies
- Harder to budget and forecast
Purchase Price Variance (PPV)
Difference between what you agreed to pay (PO price) and what you actually paid (invoice).
PPV = (Invoice Price - PO Price) ÷ PO Price × 100
Positive PPV = paid more than agreed Negative PPV = paid less than agreed
| PPV | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| < -5% | Good savings, verify quality |
| -5% to +5% | Normal variance |
| > 5% | Investigate price increases |
| > 10% | Urgent attention needed |
Cash Flow Leakage
Money lost by paying too early (before terms require).
Leakage = Early Payments × (Days Early × Daily Interest Rate)
If you pay 15 days early on $100,000 with a 5% cost of capital:
Leakage = $100,000 × 15 × (0.05/365) = $205
This adds up across many transactions.
HHI Concentration Index
The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index measures vendor concentration risk.
| HHI | Concentration |
|---|---|
| Under 1500 | Low (healthy diversity) |
| 1500-2500 | Moderate |
| Over 2500 | High (risky) |
High concentration means you're dependent on a few vendors. If one fails, you're vulnerable.
Dashboard Sections
Vendor Scorecard
Ranking of vendors by performance:
| Column | Description |
|---|---|
| Vendor | Vendor name |
| Total Spend | Amount purchased |
| OTIF Score | Delivery performance |
| PPV | Price variance |
| Maverick % | Purchases without POs |
| Overall Score | Weighted performance |
Leverage Matrix
Visual quadrant analysis of vendors:
| Quadrant | Characteristics | Strategy |
|---|---|---|
| Strategic | High spend, high complexity | Partner closely |
| Bottleneck | Low spend, high complexity | Reduce risk |
| Leverage | High spend, low complexity | Negotiate hard |
| Transactional | Low spend, low complexity | Simplify/automate |
Concentration Analysis
- Pie chart of spend distribution
- HHI score and trend
- Top vendors by percentage
Contract Renewal Tracker
Upcoming contract expirations:
- Vendor name
- Contract end date
- Auto-renewal flag (warning!)
- Spend at risk
Using the Dashboard
Weekly Review
- Check overall health score
- Review any Critical vendor performance issues
- Check for upcoming contract renewals
- Monitor maverick spend trends
Monthly Analysis
- Deep-dive on OTIF performance
- Analyze PPV trends (are prices rising?)
- Review leverage matrix for strategic changes
- Assess concentration risk
Quarterly Strategic Review
- Evaluate vendor relationships
- Identify consolidation opportunities
- Plan contract negotiations
- Adjust scorecard weights if needed
Configuration Options
Access via Settings → Procurement:
Scorecard Weights
| Setting | Purpose | Default |
|---|---|---|
| OTIF Weight | Importance of delivery | 35% |
| PPV Weight | Importance of pricing | 25% |
| Maverick Weight | Importance of compliance | 25% |
| Terms Weight | Importance of terms | 15% |
Weights must total 100%.
Performance Thresholds
| Setting | Purpose | Default |
|---|---|---|
| Maverick Warning | Yellow flag level | 15% |
| Maverick Critical | Red flag level | 30% |
| PPV Threshold | Alert on variance over | 10% |
| On-Time Window | Grace days for delivery | 3 days |
Concentration Settings
| Setting | Purpose | Default |
|---|---|---|
| HHI Warning | Moderate concentration | 1500 |
| HHI Critical | High concentration | 2500 |
Best Practices
Reduce Maverick Spend
- Make PO process easier
- Train requestors on policy
- Set up automated approvals for low amounts
- Require PO number on all invoices
Improve OTIF
- Share scores with underperforming vendors
- Include OTIF in contract terms
- Consider alternative vendors for chronic poor performers
Manage Concentration
- Actively develop backup vendors
- Don't let any vendor exceed 20% of category spend
- Consider multi-sourcing for critical items
Optimize Cash Flow
- Use payment terms (don't pay early without discount)
- Negotiate better terms with leverage vendors
- Automate payment scheduling
Common Questions
Why is my maverick spend so high?
Common causes:
- PO process is too slow or cumbersome
- Employees don't understand the policy
- Emergency purchases not converted to POs
- Vendor doesn't require PO reference
How do I improve a vendor's score?
Share the scorecard with them. Most vendors will improve when they see objective performance data and understand the impact on your relationship.
Should I drop low-scoring vendors?
Not necessarily. Consider:
- Can they improve?
- Are alternatives available?
- Is the relationship strategic?
- What would switching cost?
What if a vendor has no POs (all maverick)?
This vendor may be a candidate for:
- Blanket PO (standing order)
- Preferred vendor list (pre-approved)
- Better P-card controls
Related Dashboards
- Sentinel — Fraud detection for vendor payments
- Liquidity — Cash impact of payment timing
- Spend Velocity — Vendor spending trends